WHAT IS BULLYING?
Elaine Marini - Psychologist
The term covers all forms of aggressive attitudes, intentional and repeated that no evident reason, performed by one or more students against another (s) causing pain and distress, and performed in an unequal power relationship. Therefore, the repeated acts of equals (students) and the imbalance of power are the essential characteristics that make it possible to intimidate the victim. ABRAPIA ....... ......
The English word Bullying does not have a translation into Portuguese, but it does mean bully, bully, threat or intimidation, although there is still little known, refers to a common practice in schools.
The first to relate the word to the phenomenon was Dan Olweus, a professor at the University of Norway. When searching for the suicidal tendencies among adolescents, Olweus found that most of these young people had suffered some kind of threat and therefore, bullying was a bad fight.
Bullying are all forms of aggressive attitudes and intentional repetitive ridicule another. Attitudes like snide comments, jokes or nicknames that characterize someone, and other ways that cause pain and anguish, and executed within an unequal relationship of power that are key features that make it possible to intimidate the victim.
The Bullying is a worldwide problem, is found in every school, not restricting a particular type of institution. The bullying began to be researched about ten years ago in Europe when it was discovered what was behind many suicide attempts among adolescents. Usually parents and school has not paid much attention to the fact that the offenses generally felt too silly to have major consequences for the couple resorted to a desperate measure.
Currently, all UK schools have implemented policies anti-bullying. Studies of ABRAPIA showing no significant differences between the schools evaluated and international data. The big surprise was the fact that students here have identified the classroom as the site of highest incidence of such violence, while other countries, it occurs mainly outside the classroom, on time for recreation. How are students involved?
ABRAPIA according to surveys by the authors are generally people who have no empathy, often belong to dysfunctional families in which there is little relationship affection among its members. His parents have a poor oversight on them, tolerate and offer a model for resolving conflicts, aggressive or explosive. It is assumed that the perpetrators of bullying are likely to become adults with antisocial behavior and / or violent and could adopt, including criminal or delinquent attitudes.
The targets are people or groups who are disadvantaged or suffer the consequences of the behaviors of others and do not have the resources, status or ability to react or to stop the harmful acts against them. They are generally socially inept. A strong feeling insecurity prevents them from asking for help. They are people without hope in the possibilities to suit the group. Low self-esteem is compounded by critical interventions or indifference of adults about their suffering. Some believe them to be worthy of what is required.
They have few friends, are passive, quiet and do not react effectively to acts of aggression suffered. Many are replaced by low school performance, resist or refuse to go to school, getting to mimic diseases. Exchange of college often drop out or studies. There are young people, who by extreme depression end up attempting or committing suicide.
The controls represented by the vast majority of students, living with violence and are silent because of fear of becoming the "next victims." Although not directly suffer the assaults, many of them may feel uncomfortable with what they see and unsure about what to do. Some react negatively to the violation of their right to learn in a safe, supportive, and without fear. All this can influence negatively on their ability to progress academically and socially.
